000			02745nam a22002417a 4500
003			ZW-GwMSU
005			20221117155921.0
008			221117b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
040			_aMSU _cMSU _erda
100			_aBergqvist, Jenny _eauthor
245			_aFinfish Aquaculture: Animal Welfare, the Environment, and Ethical Implications _ccreated by Jenny Bergqvist & Stefan Gunnarsson
264			_aSkara _bSpringer _c2011
336			_2rdacontent _atext _btxt
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated _bn
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume _bnc
440			_vVolume , number ,
520			_aThe aim of this review is to assess the ethical implications of finfish aquaculture, regarding fish welfare and environmental aspects. The finfish aquaculture industry has grown substantially the last decades, both as a result of the over-fishing of wild fish populations, and because of the increasing consumer demand for fish meat. As the industry is growing, a significant amount of research on the subject is being conducted, monitoring the effects of aquaculture on the environment and on animal welfare. The areas of concern when it comes to animal welfare have here been divided into four different stages: breeding period; growth period; capturing and handling; and slaughter. Besides these stages, this report includes a chapter on the current evidence of fish sentience, since this issue is still being debated among biologists. However, most biologists are at present acknowledging the probability of fish being sentient creatures. Current aquaculture practices are affecting fish welfare during all four of the cited stages, both on physical and mental levels, as well as on the ability of fish to carry out natural behaviors. The effect fish farming has on the environment is here separated into five different categories: the decline of wild fish populations; waste and chemical discharge; loss of habitat; spreading of diseases; and invasion of exotic organisms. There is evidence of severe negative effects on the environment when looking at these five categories, even when considering the difficulty of studying environmental effects, due to the closely interacting variables. The ethical arguments and scientific evidences here reviewed have not all come to the same conclusions. Nevertheless, the general agreement is that current aquaculture practices are neither meeting the needs of fish nor environment. Thus, the obvious environmental and animal welfare aspects of finfish aquaculture make it hard to ethically defend a fish diet.
650			_aAspects of animal welfare in fish
650			_aEthics and animal welfare
650			_aAquaculture
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-011-9346-y
942			_2lcc _cJA
999			_c160506 _d160506