TY  - BOOK
AU  - Hoyt,Lorlene M.
TI  - Do business improvement district organizations make a difference?: crime In and around commercial areas in Philadelphia
SN  - 0739456X
AV  - NA9000 JOU 
PY  - 2005///
CY  - Thousand Oaks
PB  - ACSP
KW  - Business improvement districtsspatial statistics
KW  - Crime theory
KW  - Spatial statistics
N2  - The business improvement district (BID) is an international, yet controversial, model for urban revitalization. This article contributes to the BID debate by identifying the theories that underpin the model, developing a conceptual framework that examines the linkages between crime theories and BID services, and—through the use of spatial and statistical methods of analysis—measuring the impact of BID organizations on criminal activity in and around commercial areas. Results show that lower property crime rates differentiate commercial areas with BID organizations from those without BIDs and that the lower rates are not matched by higher crime in surrounding blocks
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X05279276
ER  -