Essentials of human behavior : integrating person, environment, and the life course created by Elizabeth D. Hutchison

Includes bibliographical references and index

Case StudiesPrefaceAcknowledgmentsAbout the AuthorPART I- A MULTIDIMENSIONAL, MULTITHEORETICAL APPROACH FOR MULTIFACETED SOCIAL WORKCHAPTER 1- HUMAN BEHAVIOR: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL APPROACH Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study: Manisha and Her Changing Environments Human Behavior: Individual and Collective A Multidimensional Approach Personal Dimensions Environmental Dimensions Diversity, Inequality, and the Pursuit of Social Justice: A Global Perspective Diversity Inequality The Pursuit of Social Justice Knowing and Doing Knowledge About the Case Knowledge About the Self Values and Ethics Scientific Knowledge: Theory and Research Theory Empirical Research Critical Use of Theory and Research A Word of Caution Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 2- THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN BEHAVIOR Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study: Intergenerational Stresses in the McKinley Family Multiple Perspectives for a Multidimensional Approach Systems Perspective Conflict Perspective Exchange and Choice Perspective Social Constructionist Perspective Psychodynamic Perspective Developmental Perspective Social Behavioral Perspective Humanistic Perspective The Merits of Multiple Perspectives Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesPART II- THE MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS OF THE PERSONCHAPTER 3- THE BIOLOGICAL PERSON Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 3.1: Cheryl's Brain Injury Case Study 3.2: A Diabetes Diagnosis for Bess Case Study 3.3: Melissa's HIV Diagnosis Case Study 3.4: Lifestyle Changes for Thomas Case Study 3.5: Mary and Her Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Case Study 3.6: Juan and Belinda's Reproductive Health An Integrative Approach for Understanding the Intersection of Interior Biological Health and Illness and Exterior Environment Factors A Look at Six Interior Environment Systems Nervous System Endocrine System Immune System Cardiovascular System Musculoskeletal System Reproductive System Exterior Socioeconomic Environment and Interior Health Environment Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 4- THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSON Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study: The Premed Student Cognition and Emotion Theories of Cognition Cognitive Theory Information Processing Theory Social Learning Theory Theory of Multiple Intelligences Theories of Moral Reasoning Theories of Cognition in Social Work Practice Theories of Emotion Physiological Theories of Emotion Psychological Theories of Emotion Psychoanalytic Theory Ego Psychology Attribution Theory: A Cognitive Perspective Theory of Emotional Intelligence Social Theories of Emotion Theories of Emotion in Social Work Practice Cognitive and Emotional "Disorders" The Self The Self in Relationships Relational Theory Attachment Theory Impact of Early Nurturing on Development Feminist Theories of Relationships Social Identity Theory The Concept of Stress Three Categories of Psychological Stress Stress and Crisis Traumatic Stress Vulnerability to Stress Coping and Adaptation Biological Coping Psychological Coping Coping Styles Coping and Traumatic Stress Social Support Virtual Support How Social Support Aids Coping How Social Workers Evaluate Social Support Normal and Abnormal Coping The Medical (Psychiatric) Perspective Psychological Perspectives The Sociological Approach: Deviance The Social Work Perspective: Social Functioning Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 5- THE SPIRITUAL PERSON Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 5.1: Caroline's Challenging Questions Case Study 5.2: Naomi's Health Crisis Case Study 5.3: Matthew's Faith Journey Case Study 5.4: Trudy's Search for the Sacred Case Study 5.5: Leon's Two Worlds Case Study 5.6: Jean-Joseph's Serving the Spirits Case Study 5.7: Beth's Framework for Living The Spiritual Dimension The Meaning of Spirituality Spirituality in the United States and Globally Transpersonal Theories of Human Development Fowler's Stages of Faith Development Wilber's Integral Theory of Consciousness Summary and Critique of Fowler's and Wilber's Theories The Role of Spirituality in Social Work Spirituality and Human Diversity Race and Ethnicity Sex and Gender Sexual Orientation Other Aspects of Diversity Spirituality and the Human Experience Problems in Living Individual and Collective Well-Being Spiritual Assessment Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesPART III- THE MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENTCHAPTER 6- CULTURE AND THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 6.1: Stan and Tina at Community High School Case Study 6.2: Ben Watson's Changing Experience With the Physical Environment The Challenge of Defining Culture Changing Ideas About Culture and Human Behavior Some Important Culture Concepts A Postmodern View of Culture Cultural Maintenance, Change, and Adaptation Common Sense, Customs, and Traditions Immigration Processes of Cultural Change The Relationship Between the Physical Environment and Human Behavior Stimulation Theories Control Theories Privacy Personal Space Territoriality Crowding Behavior Settings Theories Ecocritical Theories The Natural Environment Benefits and Costs of Human Interaction With the Natural Environment Environmental Justice and Ecological Justice The Built Environment Technology Healing Environments Place Attachment Homelessness Accessible Environments for Persons With Disabilities Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 7- FAMILIES Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study: The Sharpe Family's Postdeployment Adjustment Family Defined The Family in Historical Perspective Theoretical Perspectives for Understanding Families Psychodynamic Perspective and Families Family Systems Perspective Feminist Perspective and Families Family Stress and Coping Perspective Family Resilience Perspective Diversity in Family Life Diversity in Family Structures Nuclear Families Extended Families Cohabiting Heterosexual Couples Couples With No Children Lone-Parent Families Stepfamilies Same-Sex Partner Families Military Families Economic and Cultural Diversity Economic Diversity Cultural Diversity Immigrant Families Challenges to Family Life Family Violence Divorce Substance Abuse Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 8- SMALL GROUPS, FORMAL ORGANIZATIONS, AND COMMUNITIES Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 8.1: The Sexuality and Gender Group at a Women's Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Facility Case Study 8.2: Changing Leadership at Beacon Center Case Study 8.3: Filipina Domestic Workers Creating Transnational Communities Small Groups in Social Work Virtual Groups Small Group Structure, Composition, and Processes Theories of Group Processes Psychodynamic Theory Symbolic Interaction Theory Status Characteristics and Expectation States Theory Exchange Theory Self-Categorization Theory Formal Organization Defined Perspectives on Formal Organizations Rational Perspective The Ideal-Type Bureaucracy Scientific Management Human Relations Theory Management by Objectives (MBO) Decision-Making Theory Systems Perspective Political Economy Model Learning Organization Theory Interactional/Interpretive Perspective Social Action Model Organizational Culture Model Managing Diversity Model Critical Perspective Organizations as Multiple Oppressions Nonhierarchical Organizations Technology and Social Service Organizations Community: Territorial and Relational Theoretical Approaches to Community Contrasting Types Approach Spatial Arrangements Approach Social Systems Approach Social Capital Approach Conflict Approach Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 9- SOCIAL STRUCTURE, SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS, AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS: GLOBAL AND NATIONAL Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 9.1: Leticia Renteria's Struggle to Make It in the United States Case Study 9.2: Fighting for a Living Wage Patterns of Social Life Contemporary Trends in Global and U.S. Social Institutions Trends in the Government and Political Institution Trends in the Economic Institution Trends in the Educational Institution Trends in the Health Care Institution Trends in the Social Welfare Institution Trends in the Religious Institution Trends in the Mass Media Institution Theories of Social Inequality The Contemporary Debate Structural Determinism Versus Human Agency Social Movements: A Definition Perspectives on Social Movements Political Opportunities Perspective Openness of the Political System Stability of Political Alignments Availability of Elite Allies International Relations Mobilizing Structures Perspective Informal and Formal Structures Information and Communication Technology (ICT) The Life Course of Social Movements Cultural Framing Perspective Frames for Understanding That a Problem Exists Frames for Recognizing a Window of Opportunity Frames for Establishing Goals Frames for Identifying Pathways for Action Emerging Perspectives Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesPART IV- THE CHANGING LIFE COURSECHAPTER 10- THE HUMAN LIFE JOURNEY: A LIFE COURSE Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 10.1: David Sanchez's Search for Connections Case Study 10.2: Phoung Le, Serving Family and Community Case Study 10.3: The Suarez Family After September 11, 2001 A Definition of the Life Course Perspective Theoretical Roots of the Life Course Perspective Basic Concepts of the Life Course Perspective Cohorts Transitions Trajectories Life Events Turning Points Major Themes of the Life Course Perspective Interplay of Human Lives and Historical Time Timing of Lives Dimensions of Age Standardization in the Timing of Lives Linked or Interdependent Lives Links Between Family Members Links With the Wider World Human Agency in Making Choices Diversity in Life Course Trajectories Developmental Risk and Protection The Family Life Course Strengths and Limitations of the Life Course Perspective Integration With a Multidimensional, Multitheoretical Approach Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 11- THE JOURNEY BEGINS: CONCEPTION, PREGNANCY, CHILDBIRTH, AND INFANCY Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 11.1: Jennifer Bradshaw's Experience With Infertility Case Study 11.2: The Thompsons' Premature Birth Case Study 11.3: Sarah's Teen Dad Sociocultural Organization of Childbearing and Child-Rearing Conception and Pregnancy in Context Childbirth in Context Childbirth Education Place of Childbirth Who Assists Childbirth Developmental Niche of Child-Rearing Control Over Conception and Pregnancy Contraception Induced Abortion Infertility Treatment Fetal Development First Trimester Fertilization and the Embryonic Period The Fetal Period Second Trimester Third Trimester Labor and Delivery of the Neonate At-Risk Newborns Prematurity and Low Birth Weight Congenital Anomalies Typical Infant Development Physical Development Self-Regulation Sensory Abilities Reflexes Motor Skills The Growing Brain Cognitive Development Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development Prelanguage Skills Socioemotional Development Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development Emotional Control Temperament Attachment The Role of Play Child Care Arrangements in Infancy Family Leave Paid Child Care Infants in the Multigenerational Family Breastfeeding Versus Bottle Feeding Decision Postpartum Depression Risk and Protective Factors in Conception, Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Infancy Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 12- TODDLERHOOD AND EARLY CHILDHOOD Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 12.1: Overprotecting Henry Case Study 12.2: Terri's Terrible Temper Case Study 12.3: A New Role for Ron and Rosiland's Grandmother Typical Development in Toddlerhood and Early Childhood Physical Development Cognitive and Language Development Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development Language Skills Moral Development Understanding Moral Development Helping Young Children Develop Morally Personality and Emotional Development Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development Emotions Aggression Attachment Social Development Peer Relations Self-Concept Gender Identity and Sexual Interests Racial and Ethnic Identity The Role of Play Developmental Disruptions Early Childhood Education Toddlerhood and Early Childhood in the Multigenerational Family Risks to Healthy Development in Toddlerhood and Early Childhood Poverty Homelessness Ineffective Discipline Divorce Violence Community Violence Domestic Violence Child Maltreatment Protective Factors in Toddlerhood and Early Childhood Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 13- MIDDLE CHILDHOOD Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 13.1: Anthony Bryant's Impending Assessment Case Study 13.2: Brianna Shaw's New Self-Image Case Study 13.3: Manuel Vega's Difficult Transition Historical Perspective on Middle Childhood Middle Childhood in the Multigenerational Family Development in Middle Childhood Physical Development Cognitive Development Cultural Identity Development Emotional Development Social Development The Peer Group Friendship and Intimacy Team Play Gender Identity and Gender Roles Technology and Social Development Spiritual Development Middle Childhood and Formal Schooling Special Challenges in Middle Childhood Poverty Family and Community Violence Mental and Physical Challenges Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Emotional/Behavioral Disorder Family Disruption Risk Factors and Protective Factors in Middle Childhood Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 14- ADOLESCENCE Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 14.1: David's Coming-Out Process Case Study 14.2: Carl's Struggle for Identity Case Study 14.3: Monica's Quest for Mastery The Social Construction of Adolescence Across Time and Space The Transition From Childhood to Adulthood Biological Aspects of Adolescence Puberty The Adolescent Brain Nutrition, Exercise, and Sleep Psychological Aspects of Adolescence Psychological Reactions to Biological Changes Changes in Cognition Identity Development Theories of Self and Identity Gender Identity Cultural Identity Social Aspects of Adolescence Relationships With Family Relationships With Peers Romantic Relationships Relationships With Organizations, Communities, and Institutions School The Broader Community Work Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) Adolescent Spirituality/Religiosity Adolescent Sexuality Sexual Decision Making Sexual Orientation Pregnancy and Childbearing Sexually Transmitted Infections Potential Challenges to Adolescent Development Substance Use and Abuse Juvenile Delinquency Bullying School-to-Prison Pipeline Community Violence Dating Violence and Statutory Rape Poverty and Low Educational Attainment Obesity and Eating Disorders Depression and Suicide Risk Factors and Protective Factors in Adolescence Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 15- YOUNG AND MIDDLE ADULTHOOD Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 15.1: Sheila Henderson, Coming Home at 25 Case Study 15.2: Viktor Spiro, Finding Stability at 44 Case Study 15.3: Michael Bowling, Swallowing His Pride at 57 The Meaning of Adulthood Theoretical Approaches to Adulthood Jung's Analytic Psychology Erikson's Psychosocial Life Span Theory Levinson's Theory of Seasons of Adulthood Arnett's "Emerging" Adulthood Variations in the Transition to Adulthood Biological Functioning in Young and Middle Adulthood Health Maintenance in Young and Middle Adulthood Physical and Mental Health in Young and Middle Adulthood Cognition in Young and Middle Adulthood Personality and Identity in Young and Middle Adulthood Trait Approach Human Agency Approach Life Narrative Approach Young- and Middle-Adult Spirituality Relationships in Young and Middle Adulthood Romantic Relationships Relationships With Children Relationships With Parents Other Family Relationship Relationships With Friends Work in Young and Middle Adulthood Risk Factors and Protective Factors in Young and Middle Adulthood Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesCHAPTER 16- LATE ADULTHOOD Chapter Outline Learning Objectives Case Study 16.1: Ms. Ruby Johnson Is Providing Care for Three Generations Case Study 16.2: Margaret Davis Stays at Home Case Study 16.3: Bina Patel Outlives Her Son Demographics of the Older-Adult Population Cultural Construction of Late Adulthood Psychosocial Theoretical Perspectives on Social Gerontology Biological Changes in Late Adulthood Health and Longevity Age-Related Changes in Physiology Functional Capacity in Very Late Adulthood The Aging Brain and Neurodegenerative Diseases Dementia Parkinson's Disease Psychological Changes in Late Adulthood Personality Changes Intellectual Changes, Learning, and Memory Mental Health and Mental Disorders Social Role Transitions and Life Events of Late Adulthood Families in Later Life Grandparenthood Work and Retirement Caregiving and Care Receiving Institutionalization The Search for Personal Meaning Resources for Meeting the Needs of Elderly Persons The Dying Process Advance Directives Care of People Who Are Dying End-of-Life Signs and Symptoms Loss, Grief, and Bereavement Theories and Models of Loss and Grief Culture and Bereavement Risk Factors and Protective Factors in Late Adulthood The Life Course Completed Implications for Social Work Practice Key Terms Active Learning Web ResourcesGlossaryReferencesIndexAbout the Contributors

Integrating person, environment, and the life course, this best-selling text leverages its hallmark case studies and balanced breadth and depth of coverage to help readers apply theory and general social work knowledge to unique practice situations.